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An efficient democracy
requires a general understanding on
the global institutional framework of the society.
- The
global institutional
framework. It is a public good,
i.e. it is open to all citizens and can be created and maintained only
by the public institutions (parliament and government) and independent
sovereign institutions. Creating and maintaining this framework is
their essential task.
- The
characteristics of
this framework are:
- Safety (internal and external)
- Internal stability
- of political institutions and procedures
- of the price levels of GDP and
assets (non-financial and financial)
- of the legal system
- of the financial system
- Continuity in public life, i.e.
absence of intended disturbances
- Particular support to citizens who
without their fault are unable to earn themselves the means of decent
existence.
- Provisions for entering and leaving
an institutional unit (region,
nation, international organization) if the population concerned is
wishing so.
- The
elements
of
the global institutional framework are:
- A
system of
incentives and deterrence
leading politicians and citizens to respect the principles of an
efficient democracy as well as the general interest in the medium and
long term. Its main elements are :
- A system of flexible relative prices
expressing scarcity of and demand for goods and services, financial
assets and liabilities and thereby guiding them to the most productive
uses
- A legal
system
(codes, laws, regulations) accepted by the citizens and guiding
politicians and citizens to respect the general interest and thereby
being the basis of rational administration. - In
case of
conflict between several legislative provisions will be applied the
provision ensuring most largely the general well-being in the medium
and long term.
- A set of traditions
encouraging civil behavior and the sense
of responsibility
- A
particular
institutional protection of the general interest in the medium
and long term. It is ensured by an Independent Authority (more).
- A
procedure
for
preparing, setting up and electing the governmental program
: Instead of choosing among political parties and their candidates, the
citizens elect the program of government among the draft programs
presented by the political parties. This implies a procedure for
preparing and setting up the draft programs and for electing the
program.
- Draft
programs
- Preparing
the bases
- Preferences
.
The citizens express periodically (e.g. every two years) in a
standardized questionnaire (set up and analyzed by independent
organizations of the civil society) their opinion on the
fundamental
problems of economic, social and political life, in particular
- to which political
tasks they assign priority ,
- which public
activities
- should be reinforced
or reduced (to maintain the pressure of taxes and contributions
within acceptable limits)
- should be handled
by the private sector, if they can be provided and/or used more
efficiently outside the public sector.
- in which fields they would be ready
- to accept
an (honorary) activity in a cultural, social, teaching or
administrative organization,
- to accept
new conditions
and/or constraints (e.g. prolongation of the working time during a year
or of professional activity, reduction of (social) advantages decided
by the authorities
- The principles
of operation of the society (more),
- The proposals
for reforms conceived by independent institutions and
organizations
- Setting
up of draft governmental programs:
On these bases each political party is drawing up and presenting its
own project according to the requirements of a "Standardized System of
Comprehensive Political Program". In this draft, each party sets out
- to which political objectives it is
assigning priority, i.e.
- to the tasks of public authorities which
are insufficiently realized or which deserve an adjustment
- to the necessary adjustments of the global
framework
- to the instruments intended for
implementing these objectives (if possible during the legislature) (more)
- Electing the
program of government, possibly in a two turn procedure.
- First turn:
That project is elected which received the absolute majority of votes
cast by the citizens having right to vote. The two political parties,
whose projects received the highest number of votes, enter into
Parliament (according to the proportion of votes cast for their
projects).
- Second
turn:
Take part in this turn the three projects having received the highest
number of votes in the first turn. Is elected the project having
received the greatest number of votes; enter into Parliament the two
political parties whose projects received the greatest number of votes
(according to the proportion of votes cast for their respective
projects).
- Execution:
The elected program is carried out by the government under the control
of the Parliament.
- Duration :
The governmental period (legislature) is sufficiently long (five years)
enabling the government
- to set up and to carry out the policy laid
down in the governmental program and
- to be judged on the effects of the
policies.
- Distribution of responsibilities
among the main actors in society (more)
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(1) The numbering of items corresponds to
that of the Site Map (A - i) and is
used, if necessary,
a second time
(A - i -A -i)
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